سنخ‌شناسی و دلایل تعاملات اقتصادی مهاجران ایرانی در آلمان با ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی اقتصاد و توسعه دانشکده ادبیات و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی دانشکده ادبیات و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 عضو پژوهشکده سیاستگذاری دانشگاه صنعتی شریف و مسئول برنامه رصد مهاجرت ایران

چکیده

اهداف: امروزه متخصصان دیدگاه منفی نسبت به مهاجرت را به چالش کشیده و نگاه مثبت‌تری به این مسأله دارند. از منظر آنان مهاجرت می‌تواند برای هر دو کشور مبدأ و مقصد مزایایی به همراه داشته باشد. یکی از مزایای مطرح شده تعاملات اقتصادی آنان با کشور مبدأ است که می‌تواند منجر به توسعه اقتصادی، فرهنگی در کشور مبدأ شود. با توجه به فقدان تحقیق جامع در این زمینه، هدف این پژوهش شناخت انواع تعاملات اقتصادی مهاجران مقیم آلمان با ایران و دلایل آنان نسبت به آن است. روش‌ مطالعه‌: جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر عبارت است از کلیه مهاجران قانونی بالای 18 سال مقیم کشور آلمان که بیش از 2 سال سابقه اقامت در این کشور دارند. ازآنجایی‌که چارچوب پیشینی برای بررسی این مسأله وجود نداشته است از روش کیفی و مصاحبه نیمه ساخت یافته استفاده شد. بر اساس نمونه‌گیری نظری، با 30 نفر از مهاجران مصاحبه انجام شد. یافته‌ها: یافته‌های تحقیق حاضر نشان می‌دهد در انتقال کالا و وجه از آلمان به پنج دسته اصلی ارسال هدیه، سرمایه‌گذاری، کنش‌های خیرخواهانه، ارسال کالای کمیاب و خرید خدمات گنجانیده وجود دارد.نتیجه‌گیری: این پنج دسته اصلی تابع ادغام فرهنگی، ادغام اقتصادی، نگرش به ایران و آلمان و همچنین تعداد سال‌های اقامت مهاجران در آلمان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Typology and Causes of Iranian Immigrants’ Economic Interactions with Iran in Germany

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atiyeh Sadeghi 1
  • Ahmadreza Asgharpourmasouleh 2
  • Mehdi Kermani 2
  • Bahram Salavati 3
1 PhD candidate of Economics Sociology and Development, Faculty of Literature and Social Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Assistant Professor of Sociology at Faculty of Literature and Social Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Member of Sharif Policy Research Institute and in charge of Iran migration monitoring Program
چکیده [English]

Objectives: Nowadays, experts challenge the negative attitude toward immigration and take a more positive stance towards it. In their opinion, migration can bring benefits to both countries of origin and destination. One of the advantages mentioned is their economic interactions with the country of origin, leading to economic and cultural development in the country of origin. Regarding the lack of comprehensive research in this field, the present study aims at identifying the types of economic interactions of immigrants residing in Germany with Iran and their reasons for it. Methods: The statistical population of the present study includes all legal immigrants aged above 18 residing in Germany with more than 2 years of residence in this country. Since there was no prior framework for investigating this issue, a qualitative method and a semi-structured interview were used. Based on theoretical sampling, 30 immigrants were interviewed. Results: The findings of the present study indicate that transferring goods and funds from Germany falls into five main categories, namely, sending gifts, investments, charitable actions, sending rare goods and purchasing incorporated services, Conclusion: This five main categories are subject to cultural integration, economic integration, attitude to Iran and Germany and the number of years Immigrants reside in Germany.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Remittances
  • Germany
  • Iran
  • Investment
  • Gifts
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